What is Ruthenium(IV) oxide used for?

Ruthenium(IV) oxide (RuO2) is a black chemical compound containing the rare metal ruthenium and oxygen. The most often used O2 catalyst is ruthenium(IV) oxide; however, care must be taken since hydrates of this oxide exist.
Skeletal formula of ruthenium (IV) oxide
RuO2 is generally used as a catalyst in various industrial applications or an electrode in electrochemical processes. RuO2 is highly reactive with reducing agents, due to its oxidizing properties.
Properties
Ruthenium(IV) oxide takes on the rutile crystal structure, similar to titanium dioxide and several other metal oxides. Due to its structure, ruthenium(IV) oxide easily forms hydrates.
Ruthenium(IV) oxide is a (nearly black) purple crystalline solid at room temperature. The hydrates of RuO2 have a blue color to them.
Ruthenium oxide has great capacity to store charge when used in aqueous solutions. Average capacities of ruthenium(IV) oxide have reached 650 F/g when in H2SO4 solution and annealed at temperatures lower than 200 °C. In attempts to optimise its capacitive properties, prior work has looked at the hydration of ruthenium oxide, its crystallinity and particle size.
Uses
Ruthenium(IV) oxide is extensively used for the coating of titanium anodes for the electrolytic production of chlorine and for the preparation of resistors or integrated circuits.
Ruthenium(IV) oxide is a versatile catalyst and doping agent. Hydrogen sulfide can be split by light by using a photocatalyst of CdS particles doped with ruthenium(IV) oxide loaded with ruthenium dioxide. This may be useful in the removal of H2S from oil refineries and from other industrial processes. The hydrogen produced could be used to synthesize ammonia, methanol, and possibly fuel a future hydrogen economy.
Ruthenium (IV) oxide is being used as the main component in the catalyst of the Deacon process which produces chlorine by the oxidation of hydrogen chloride.It can be also used as active material in supercapacitor because has very high charge transfer capability.
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